What is a Social Enterprise?
A social enterprise is a business created to address social or environmental challenges while generating sustainable revenue. Unlike traditional businesses that focus purely on profit, or charities that rely solely on donations, social enterprises combine purpose and profit to drive meaningful change in the world.
At Go Consulting, we work with organisations that want to make a difference — helping them grow, stay accountable, and maximise their impact. But first, let’s unpack what a social enterprise really is.
How Social Enterprises Work
At their core, social enterprises use business strategies to achieve social or environmental goals. They generate income by selling products or services — just like any other business — but instead of distributing profits to shareholders, they reinvest them to further their mission.
This is what sets them apart from traditional charities, which often rely solely on donations or grants to operate. For example, a charity might offer job training for people experiencing long-term unemployment, funded entirely by donations. A social enterprise, on the other hand, might run a second-hand furniture store where profits go directly into funding that same job training programme — and the trainees might even gain work experience by helping run the shop.
This is what sets them apart from traditional charities, which often rely solely on donations or grants to operate. For example, a charity might offer job training for people experiencing long-term unemployment, funded entirely by donations. A social enterprise, on the other hand, might run a second-hand furniture store where profits go directly into funding that same job training programme — and the trainees might even gain work experience by helping run the shop.
Key characteristics of a social enterprise include:
➡️ A clearly defined social or environmental mission
➡️ A sustainable business model
➡️ Profit reinvestment for impact, not shareholder gain
➡️ Transparent reporting and accountability
Some are registered as charities or not-for-profits; others operate as limited companies with impact clauses built into their constitution. The structure depends on their goals and how they want to scale.
Why Social Enterprises Matter
Social enterprises are reshaping how we think about business. They bring innovation and entrepreneurship to complex social issues, offering sustainable alternatives to traditional charity or corporate models.
The impact of social enterprise:
➡️ Community wellbeing: Providing jobs, services, and support where it's needed most
➡️ Environmental gains: Driving circular economy models and reducing waste
➡️ Economic contribution: In Aotearoa New Zealand, social enterprises contribute significantly to the economy and employ thousands of people across the country
When businesses place purpose at the centre, everyone benefits.
Examples of Social Enterprises
Here are just a few examples of social enterprises creating real change:
➡️ Eat My Lunch (NZ): Provides lunches to children in need with every purchase.
➡️ Who Gives A Crap: Sells sustainable toilet paper and donates 50% of profits to clean water initiatives.
➡️ Kilmarnock Enterprises (NZ): Offers employment and training to people with intellectual disabilities.
Every social enterprise looks different — but they all have one thing in common: impact.
How to Start a Social Enterprise
Whether you're driven by a desire to reduce inequality, protect the environment, or uplift your local community, building a successful social enterprise starts with a clear vision and a solid foundation.
Here are the core steps:
➡️ Define your mission – What change are you trying to make?
➡️ Develop a viable business model – What will you sell, and who will buy it?
➡️ Choose the right legal structure – Charitable trust? Company with a constitution?
➡️ Create your impact plan – How will you measure success beyond profit?
➡️ Build partnerships and get support – No one builds change alone.
Go Consulting can support you through every step — from strategy and structure to funding and growth.
How Go Consulting Helps Social Enterprises
We believe in the power of business for good. Our team partners with social enterprises at every stage — from those just starting out, to established impact-led businesses scaling their reach.
Our services include:
➡️ Strategic planning and business model design
➡️ Governance and legal structure support
➡️ Impact measurement and reporting
➡️ Grant and funding support
➡️ Workshops and capability building
Whether you’re a founder with a big idea or a board navigating growth, we’re here to help you deliver lasting change.
👉 Talk to us about your social enterprise
FAQs about Social Enterprises
What is the difference between a social enterprise and a charity?
A charity relies mostly on donations or grants, while a social enterprise earns income through trade. Both have a social mission, but social enterprises often aim to be financially self-sustaining.
Can a social enterprise make a profit?
Yes. Social enterprises can and should make a profit — the difference is where that profit goes. Instead of shareholders, it’s reinvested into achieving the mission.
Do social enterprises pay tax?
It depends on their legal structure. Some may qualify for tax exemptions, while others operate as standard businesses. We can help you choose the best structure for your goals.
How do I register a social enterprise in New Zealand?
There’s no official "social enterprise" legal category in NZ, but common options include incorporated societies, charitable trusts, and companies. The best option depends on your funding, goals, and governance needs.